If you guessed I’m an orange-legged drone fly, then ding ding ding! You win a treat—because you’re not so easily fooled. But for those of you who thought I was a bumblebee… oh dear. You might want to sit down for this.

Take a good look into my big, round eyes—yes, the ones that touch at the top of my head like two cartoon goggly eyes. Count my wings: one, two. Bees have four wings and their eyes don’t meet in the middle like mine do. I’m a fly in disguise!

Why the costume party? Well, soft-bodied insects like me (think of my squishy, maggoty childhood) are basically bird snacks. But birds tend to avoid stinging, crunchy bugs like bees and wasps. So if I dress up like one of them, I get to live longer and have more offspring.. Evolution is wild, right?!

We’re officially called Syrphidae, but you might know us better as hoverflies (because we float like hummingbirds) or flowerflies (because we’re always hanging out in your blooms). There are around 500 species of us in Canada alone!

So what am I doing in your garden? As larvae, we’re pest-munching machines. Our moms lay eggs on aphids and other soft-bodied insects, and when we hatch—voilà!—instant buffet. We chow down until we pupate, often saving your plants from future infestations.

As adults, we’re all about the nectar and pollen. You probably didn’t think about “gardening for flies,” but once you get past the ick factor, you’ll see how vital we are. In Ontario’s cooler seasons—spring and fall—we’re still out there pollinating when bees are taking a break. Even early morning and late evening, we are there, in your flowers. In fact, flies contribute up to 40% of pollination services in our chilly climate. Not bad for a bug you didn’t even notice!

And guess what? If you’re planting for bees, you’re already helping us too. That means native plants with abundant pollen and nectar. We’re likely buzzing around your garden right under you nose, tricking your big human brain with our bee cosplay.

Let’s test your fly-spotting skills again:

Surely you didn’t think these were honeybees. The heads are almost entirely eyes and the antenna are short and about mid-face. And where is the waist? Bees and wasps have that hourglass body where the thorax and abdomen meet. Flies are more linear and the waist is hidden by the wings. The other giveaway is the mouth: on flies, it is a spongy pad for sopping up nectar, whereas bees have chewing mouthparts that you don’t really see often.

Some of us, like the aphid-eaters, are so good at pest control that humans use us for biological warfare—against aphids and thrips, that is.

So next time you see a “bee” that’s acting a little too floaty, take a closer look. You might just be hosting a helpful hoverfly. We don’t sting, we don’t bite, and we’re working hard to keep your garden blooming and pest-free.

References

  1. Fly Identification Guide – General overview of fly families and identification tips: https://sites.google.com/view/flyguide/home?authuser=0
  2. Syrphidae Species Guide – Detailed information on hoverflies: https://sites.google.com/view/flyguide/species-guides/syrphidae?authuser=0
  3. Flower Flies in Canada – Government publication on Syrphidae diversity and ecology: https://profils-profiles.science.gc.ca/en/publication/flower-flies
  4. Field Guide to the Flower Flies of Northeastern North America – Comprehensive reference book that your flowerflies would appreciate you reading: https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691189406/field-guide-to-the-flower-flies-of-northeastern-north-america